Waste and Its Management | What is waste and its management? What are the 4 types of waste management?

               Waste and Its Management

                                                                                

                                                                  - Priyanka Chandratre

 

👉Types of Waste :

      

1) Solid waste - vegetable waste, paper, cardboard, metals, broken glass and plastic materials.

2) Liquid waste - domestic sewage, dirty water from washing utensils and clothes, and chemical solvents released from factories.

3) Gaseous waste - smoke, are emitted by the burning of fuels in factories and vehicles.

i) Biodegradable waste - waste that can be broken down or decomposed into simple substances by the actin of microorganisms.

E.g. fruit and vegetables peels, paper, cotton, human and animal waste and many other natural materials.

ii) Non-biodegradable waste - waste that cannot be broken down or decomposed by organisms.

E.g. metals, plastics and glass bottles

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👉Waste Management :

Process ⮞ waste collected, transported, segregated and deposited.

Waste from home ⛟ collected and deposited in large garbage bins.

Landfill - 

a large, open and low-lying area used for deposing solid waste.

Before the waste is transported to garbage dumping sites, sorting is done and recycle materials are separated from it.

Composting - 

Technique to accelerate the natural decay process. In this technique, microorganisms convert organic wastes into mulch which is then used to fertilize and condition the soil.

Fruits and vegetables peels, spoilt food, tea leaves and dry leaves, dead plants and eggshells are generally used composting. The final product is called compost, which is used as a manure for plants🪴. It takes few weeks to months.

Vermicomposting - 

Process of composting organic wastes into manure with the help of earthworms🐛.

Action of worms produces a nutrient rich substance which is added to soil to improve its fertility.

Incineration- 

A waste treatment method that involves burning🔥of waste in spcialised furnace. 

Useful for medical waste and other hazardous waste.

♼Three Rs of waste management :

                

I ) Reduce :

• Say 'No' to plastic🙅 
• Avoid the use of disposable containers, such as glasses, spoons and plates.
• Avoid buying excess items.
• Use cloth handkerchiefs instead of tissue papers.  

II ) Reuse :

• Use both sides of paper while writing.
• Bottles or jars of commodities bought from the market should be reused when they get empty.
• Old cloths can be donated.

III ) Recycle :

• Old newspaper can be recycled to make paper bags and craft items.
• Organic waste ca be made into compost.
• Sewage can be used to make biogas.
• Plastic bottles containing juice and drinks can be washed and used for storing household items.
• Old buckets can be used as pots for growing plants.
• Old plastic toys can be donated.

              🚮 Lets save our Environment🌏

प्रत्यय | हिन्दी व्याकरण | Pratyay | Hindi Grammar | Pratyay Worksheet |

 प्रत्यय 

                                                                                     - प्रियंका चंद्रात्रे  

१ ] निम्नलिखित शब्द - रुपों में से 'मूल शब्द ' और प्रत्यय को अलग -अलग करके लिखिए |

i ) प्यासा                  ___________________        _______________________

ii ) विषेेला                ___________________       _______________________

iii ) धोबिन               ___________________       _______________________

iv ) कुरसियाँ            ___________________        ______________________

v ) मुग्धा                   ___________________     _______________________

vi ) जबलपुरिया        __________________     ________________________

vii ) फुफेरा              ___________________      ______________________

viii ) नीलिमा           ___________________       ______________________

ix ) पाँचवा               ___________________     _______________________

x ) ढोलकी              ___________________       _______________________

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२ ] 'मूल शब्द ' और 'प्रत्यय ' को मिलाकर नया ' शब्दरूप ' बनाइए  |

i ) उठ + आन            : _____________________

ii ) टिक + आऊ        : ___________________

iii ) काम + एरा         : ____________________

iv ) बूझ + अक्कड़    : _________________

v )  खो + या             : ______________________

vi ) खेल + आड़ी        : ___________________

vii ) मौसा + एरा       : ___________________

viii ) खाट +इया       : ____________________

ix ) अमीर + ई          : _____________________

x ) मथ + नी             : _______________________

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३ ] निम्नलिखित शब्दों में उपयुक्त प्रत्यय जोडकर नए शब्दों की रचना कीजिए |

           औटी , इया , आलू , ऊ , आकू , न , आई , कर , आप, हरा 

i ) सोना     : ___________________

ii ) चाल     :____________________

iii ) मिल   : ____________________

iv ) झाड़   : ____________________

v ) घट      : ____________________

vi ) सुन    : ____________________

vii ) देख   : ____________________

viii ) लड़  : ____________________

ix ) कस   : ____________________

x ) झगड़ा :____________________

४ ] निम्नलिखित प्रत्ययों से दो-दो शब्द बनाइए |

i ) वाला : _____________   _______________

ii ) हाल :______________  _______________

iii ) गर  : _____________  _______________

iv )  पन : _____________  _______________

v ) ई     : _____________   _______________

vi ) ता   :_____________   _______________

vii ) आव : ____________  _______________

viii) आका :___________  _______________

ix ) अक  :_____________   ______________

x ) इयल :_____________   _______________

उपसर्ग | उपसर्ग Worksheet | Upsarg | हिन्दी व्याकरण | व्याकरण | Hindi Grammar |

 उपसर्ग

                                                                                                      प्रियंका चंद्रात्रे 

प्र . १ ] निम्नलिखित शब्दों में से हिन्दी , संस्कृत तथा उर्दू के उपसर्ग छाँटकार लिखिए |

प्रकार , लापता , ऊजाड़ , सरपंच , बिनब्याही , विज्ञान, सुजान , भरमार , कुकर्म , संतोष , ऐनमौका, स्वदेश , सुगंध , खुशबू , निठल्ला , परलोक , दुर्भाग्य , अभिव्यक्त , अवगुण , लाचार , सरमाया , तिराहा , दरमियान , परस्त्री , परामर्श  

हिन्दी -

संस्कृत -

उर्दू -

Solve More : Marathi Grammar | Shabdancya Jati |

प्र . २ ] निम्नलिखित शब्दों में से उपसर्ग और मूल शब्द अलग - अलग करके लिखिए |

i ) उत्पत्ति - ____________________       __________________________

ii ) उऋण - ____________________      __________________________

iii ) अधपका - __________________      __________________________

iv ) लापता - ___________________       __________________________

v ) सरहद - ____________________      __________________________

vi ) गैरजरुरी - __________________     __________________________

vii ) अस्पष्ट - ___________________      __________________________

viii ) दुष्परिणाम - _______________      __________________________

ix ) प्रयोग - ____________________      __________________________

x ) बदचलन - __________________      __________________________

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प्र . ३ ] निम्नलिखित उपसर्गों से दो - दो शब्द बनाइए |

i ) पुन:      ______________________        ___________________________

ii ) सत्     ______________________        ___________________________

iii ) हम    ______________________        ___________________________

iv ) बा      ______________________       ______________________

v ) चौ      ______________________        ___________________________

vi ) लि     ______________________       ___________________________

vii ) स्वयं  _____________________        ____________________________

viii ) दुर्   _____________________         ___________________________

ix ) अव    _____________________        ___________________________

x ) चिर    ______________________       ____________________________

प्र . ४ ] निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में  से उपसर्गयुक्त शब्द छाँटकार लिखिए |

i ) रमेश हरसाल पिकनिक को जाता है |

ii ) हमें प्लास्टिक का बहिष्कार करना चाहिये |

iii ) सडक पर बडी दुर्घटना हुई है | 

iv ) दादा - दादी नर्मदा की परिक्रमा करने गये है |

v ) नाना के समझाने पर मोहन का सहपाठी मान गया | 

 

Science Practice Test - II for grade - 7 | Heat and Temperature | Electric Current and Simple Circuits |

 Science Practice Test - II

Grade - 7 [ 30 Marks ]

                                                                                       - Priyanka Chandratre

Portion : 1) Heat and Temperature

                   2) Electric Current and Simple Circuits

Q. 1] Fill in the blanks. [ 4 Marks ]

i) Thermometer works on the principle of ___________________

ii) Magnetic effect of current was first discovered by _________________

iii) A digital thermometer does not contain _______________

iv) __________    gas is commonly used in bulb.

  

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Q.2] State whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. [ 4 Marks ]

i) Gases expands on heating.

ii) The range of a laboratory thermometer is from 0°C to 100°C.

iii) The more the number of turns in the wire, the stronger is the magnetic effect.

iv) The direction of current in an electric circuit is from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of battery.

Solve More : Science Practice Test - I

Q.3] Name the following. [ 4 Marks ]

i) The iron rod, around which the wire is wound.

ii) The flow of electric charge.

iii) Unit of heat.

iv) Invention of Fahrenheit temperature scale.

Solve More : Social Science Test

Q.4] Differentiate between following. [ 2 marks ]

i) Kelvin temperature scale and Fahrenheit temperature scale.

ii) Heating effect of electric current and Magnetic effect of electric current.

Q.5] Define the following terms. [ 3 Marks ]

i) Electric circuit

ii) Battery

iii) Convection

Q.6] Identify the images and explain about them. [ 4 Marks ]

i) 

ii) 

Q.7] Answer the following questions in brief. [ 3 Marks ]

i) What are the uses of electromagnet?

ii) What is the function of a switch in an electric circuit?

iii) Write the interconversion between Fahrenheit and Celsius scale.

Q.8 ] Answer the following questions in detail. [ 6 marks ]

i) What do you understand by radiation? Explain about its applications.

ii) Why the circuit in the electric bell is called 'Make- Break Circuit'?

iii) What are MCBs ? How they prevent short circuits?

 

Science Practice Test grade 5 | Plants and Animals | Adaptation in plants | Adaptation in Animals | CBSE Class 5 |

Science Practice Test 

Grade 5 [ 30 marks ]

                                                                                       - Priyanka Chandratre

Portion - 1) Plants and Animals

                2) Adaptation in plants

                3) Adaptation in Animals 

Q.1] Fill in the blanks. [ 4 Marks ]

i) The leaves of plants contain a green substance called ___________________

ii) Whales and dolphins breathe through _______________

iii) ________________ trees produce cones instead of flowers.

iv) Peepal is a ___________ plant.

Q.2] State whether the following statements are true or false? [ 4 Marks ]

i) Fixed plants do not have stomata.

ii) Birds are viviparous animals.

iii) During winter, animals such as bears go into caves and hibernate.

iv) Tail feathers of bird help them to control the direction of flight.

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Q.3] Give two examples for the following. [ 3 Marks ]

i) Animals showing camouflage.

ii) Fixed plants.

iii) Omnivores

Solve More : Science Practice Test | Grade 6 |

Q.4] Define the following [ 3 Marks ]

i) Perennial plants

ii) Floating plants

iii) Cutaneous breathing

Q.5] Give reasons [ 3 Marks ]

i) Frogs have a transparent third eyelid.

ii) Plants in hilly regions have sloping branches and look conical in shape.

iii) Animals are consumers.

Q.6] Differentiate between the following. [4 Marks ]

i) Aquatic plants and Terrestrial plants

ii) Amphibians and Aerial animals

Q.7] Write short note on following. [3 Marks ]

i) Camouflage

ii) Photosynthesis

iii) Submerged plants

Q.8] Answer the following question briefly. [ 3 Marks ]

i) What are the adaptations in animals for their movement?

ii) What are terrestrial plants? List their types.

iii) Mention any two adaptations of aquatic animals.

Q.9] Identify the following images. [ 3 Marks ]

i) 

______________________________________

ii) 

____________________________

iii)

______________________________

Shabdanchya Jaati worksheet in Marathi | शब्दांच्या जाती | नाम | सर्वनाम | विशेषण | क्रियापद | अव्यये | मराठी व्याकरण |

 शब्दांच्या जाती

                                                                                                       - प्रियंका चंद्रात्रे 

अ ) खालील वाकयांतील अधोरेखित शब्दांचा नामाचा प्रकार ओळखून लिहा. 

१) मीना भित्री मुलगी आहे.

२) आजोबांनी गांधी टोपी घातली. 

३) रमेश उदार मित्र आहे.

४) कळसूबाई हे महाराष्ट्रातील सर्वोच्च शिखर आहे.

५) आईने मोहन ला एक मिटर कापड आणायला सांगितले.

६) मुले चेंडू सोबत खेळत आहेत.

७) पाऊस पडला की गारवा वाटतो.

८) पक्ष्यांचा थवा आकाशात उडत आहे.

९) नेहा उदया अमेरिकेला जाणार आहे. 

१०) गुलाबाच्या फुलांचा गुच्छ सुंदर दिसत आहे. 

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आ ) खालील वाकयांतील अधोरेखित शब्दांचा सर्वनामाचा प्रकार ओळखून लिहा. 

१) ती वही कोणाची आहे?

२) कोणाला माहीत आहे का ?

३) तुम्ही स्वत:ला काय समजतात?

४) कोणीही बोलणार नाही.

५) जे लिहिण्याचा सराव करतील त्यांचे अक्षर सुधारेल.

६) तुम्हाला काय हवे?

७) आपण सर्व जाऊया.

८) जो बदाम खातो त्याची स्मरणशक्ती चांगली असते.

९) आम्ही उद्या पुण्याला जाणार आहोत.

१०) ह्या पिशवीत काय आहे?

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इ ) खालील वाकयांतील अधोरेखित शब्दांचा विशेषणाचा प्रकार ओळखून लिहा. 

१) वर्गात चाळीस विद्यार्थी आहेत.

२) काही झाडे वाळली आहेत.

३) ती बोरे आंबट आहेत.

४) रस्त्यावर खूप गाड्या आहेत.

५) माझे शहर स्वच्छ आहे.

६) ससा पांढरा शुभ्र आहे.

७) मी आठवी इयत्तेत आहे. 

८) कोणता पक्षी आहे त्या झाडावर?

९) सरला माधुरी पेक्षा उंच आहे.

१०) सर्व रस्ते पावसामुळे खराब झाले.

ई ) खालील वाकयांतील क्रियापद ओळखून लिहा. 

१) मी निबंध लिहितो. 

२) मोहन पुस्तक वाचतो. 

३) रमा भाजी चिरते. 

४) केदार नदीत पोहतो. 

५) तो आंबा खातो. 

६) चांभार चप्पल शिवतो. 

७) मी गाणे गातो. 

८) आजोबा बागेत फिरतात. 

९) बाबा काम करतात. 

१०) आई स्वयंपाक करते. 

उ) खालील वाकयांतील अधोरेखित शब्दांचा अव्ययाचा प्रकार ओळखून लिहा. 

१) साप माझ्या समोरून गेला.

२) पाऊस पडो वा ना पडो, तुला शाळेत जावेच लागेल.

३) त्याच्या कडून हे काम होणार नाही. 

४) छे ! मी नाही हं !

५) तू ये किंवा न ये , मी जाणारच. 

६) पतंग झाडावर अडकला होता. 

७) शिक्षकांनी मुलांना अनेकदा बजावले की मस्ती करू नका.

८) शाबास ! यंदा तू छान मार्क्स मिळवलेत.

९) तू शाळेतून लवकर घरी आलास, म्हणजे आपण खेळायला जाऊ. 

१०) कार्यक्रमाविषयी काहीही विचारू नको.

उत्तरे : 

अ] 

१) भाववचक नाम 

२) विशेषनाम 

३) भाववचक नाम 

४) विशेषनाम 

५) पदार्थवाचक नाम 

६) सामान्यानाम 

७) भाववचक नाम 

८) समुहवाचक नाम 

९) विशेषनाम 

१०) समुहवाचक नाम 

आ]

१) दर्शकवाचक सर्वनाम 

२) प्रश्नार्थक सर्वनाम 

३) आत्मवाचक सर्वनाम 

४) अनिश्चित सर्वनाम 

५) संबंधी सर्वनाम 

६) प्रश्नार्थक सर्वनाम 

७) आत्मवाचक सर्वनाम 

८) संबंधी सर्वनाम 

९) पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम 

१०) दर्शकवाचक सर्वनाम 

इ]

१) संख्याविशेषण 

२) अनिश्चित संख्याविशेषण 

३) गुणविशेषण 

४) अनिश्चित संख्याविशेषण 

५) सार्वनामिक विशेषण 

६) गुणविशेषण 

७) संख्याविशेषण 

८) सार्वनामिक विशेषण 

९) गुणविशेषण 

१०) अनिश्चित संख्याविशेषण 

ई ]

१) लिहितो - लिहिणे 

२) वाचतो - वाचणे 

३) चिरते - चिरणे 

४) पोहातो - पोहणे 

५) खातो - खाणे 

६) शिवतो - शिवणे 

७) गातो - गाणे 

८) फिरतात - फिरणे 

९) करतात - करणे 

१०) करते - करणे 

उ] 

१) क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय 

२) उभयान्वयी अव्यय 

३) शब्दयोगी अव्यय 

४) केवलप्रयोगी अव्यय 

५) उभयान्वयी अव्यय 

६) शब्दयोगी अव्यय 

७) क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय 

८) केवलप्रयोगी अव्यय 

९) उभयान्वयी अव्यय 

१०) शब्दयोगी अव्यय 

Social Science Practice Test for grade 7 |

 Social Science Practice Test

Grade 7 [ 30 Marks ]

  - Priyanka Chandratre

Portion - 1) When, where and How

                  2) Our Environment

                  3) On Equality

Q.1] Choose the correct option. [3 Marks ]

i) Brihadeswara Temple located in__________________

a) Konark

b) Jaisalmer

c) Jaipur

d) Tanjore

ii) Thermosphere extends up to a height of ____________

a) 400km

b) 300km

c) 200km

d) 100km

iii) ____________ means the right of different groups of people to have a similar social position and receive the same treatment.

a) Untouchability

b) Equality

c) Dignity

d) Democracy

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Q.2] True or False? [ 3 Marks ]

i) Untouchability is the worst manifestations of social inequality.

ii) Stratosphere contains all the life- sustaining gases.

iii) Ralph Fitch wrote a graphic account of the court of Aakbar.

Solve More : Science Practice Test | Grade 7 |

Q.3] Match the pairs. [ 4 Marks ]

              ( A )

i) Numismatics

ii) Manuscripts

iii) lithosphere

iv) Atmosphere 

          ( B )

a) Study of inscriptions

b) Handwritten records

c) Study of coins

d) Gaseous layer

e) Handwritten farmans

f) Plateaus, plains, hills etc

Q.4] Define the terms. [3 Marks ]

i) Universal adult franchise

ii) Biomes

iii) Bharata

Solve More : Marathi Practice Test | Grade 7 |

Q.5] Name the following. [  3 Marks ]

 

i) Book written by Al- Beruni :

ii) Outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere :

iii) An African American woman, raised her voice against inequality :

Q.6] Answer in brief. [ 3 Marks ]

i) What is Midday Meal Scheme?

ii) Name the different layers of the atmosphere.

iii) Why inscriptions are the most reliable sources of information?

Q.7] Answer in detail. [ 6 Marks ]

i) Explain sources of Medieval Period.

ii) What is sustainable development?

iii) What is Equality? Explain its parameters.

Q.8] Case Study : [ 5 Marks ]

The Tughlaq Dynasty

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq Dynasty. After a brief rule of around four years, he was succeeded by his son, Mohammad bin Tughlaq ( 1325- 1351 ). He was one of the most famous rulers of the Delhi Sultanate. Under him, the empire grew till it covered most of the Indian subcontinent. However, historians often refer to Muhammad bin Tughlaq as a ' mixture of opposites'. Some thought he was a visionary and a genius, while others thought he was a lunatic. An intelligent man, Muhammad was capable of grasping new ideas with ease. He was also a fine military commander. However, he appears to have lacked two important qualities needed by a successful ruler - practical judgement and common sense.

i) Who succeeded Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq? [ 1 ]

ii) Why historians often refer to Muhammad bin Tughlaq as a ' mixture of opposites'? [ 2 ]

iii) Write about Muhammad Bin Tughlaq. [ 2 ]

Science Practice Test for grade 6 | Food and its Sources | Components of Food |

 Science Practice Test

Grade 6 [ 30 Marks ]

- Priyanka Chandratre

Portion - 1) Food and its Sources

                 2) Components of Food

                            

Q.1] Choose correct option. [ 4 Marks ] 

i) Ginger is a ___________________

a) root

b) fruit

c) stem

d) flower

ii) Deficiency of vitamin B12 causes _______________

a) skin diseases

b) anemia

c) pellagra

d) beriberi

iii) Cockroaches are _____________

a) omnivores

b) carnivores

c) herbivores

d) all of the above

iv) Iodine is essential for the _________________

a) formation of energy molecules

b) proper functioning of the nervous system

c) production of thyroid hormone

d) formation of hemoglobin

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Q.2] True or False? [ 4 Marks ]

i) The skin of fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals and fibres.

ii) Marasmus disease caused by lack of proteins and carbohydrates in the diet.

iii) Eggs and meat are the good source of proteins.

iv) Bacteria and fungi are important for recycling of nutrients.

Q.3] Name the following. [ 4 Marks ]

i) The food component which require for children more than adults -

ii) The indigestible portion of plant food -

iii) An animal or plant that lives in or on a host -

iv) A tube - like structure in butterflies and mosquitoes -

Q.4] Match the following. [ 4 Marks ]

           ( A ) 

i) Vitamin D deficiency

ii) Iron 

iii) Scavenger

iv) Spices

          ( B )

a) Fish, milk, eggs

b) red meat, pulses, chickpeas

c) Scurvy

d) Rickets

e) Crow

f) Bear

g) Coffee

h) Saffron

Q.5] Give reason. [ 3 Marks ] 

i) Cooked food is better than raw food.

ii) Fat - rich foods should be avoided. 

iii) Roughage is an important part of our diet.

Q.6] Answer in short. [ 5 marks ] 

i) What are minerals? Write about two minerals and their sources.

ii) Define mastication.

iii) What are scavengers? Give examples.

iv) What is the role of water in our diet?

v) Define balanced diet.

Q.7] Answer in detail. [ 6 Marks ]

i) Define food chain with the help of an example.

ii) Differentiate between carbohydrates and proteins.

iii) What are deficiency diseases? Explain about two deficiency diseases.